Содержание

• ЗАДАНИЕ №-1 3
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-2 6
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-3 8
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-4 9
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-5 10
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-6 11
• СПИСОК ИСПОЛЬЗОВАННЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ 12

Задание № 1

I Translate the text.

Types of Loading.

As to the manner in which loads are applied or transmitted to a structure of machine they may be considered as static loads, repeated loads, impact and energy loads.

In static, steady or dead loads are forces that are applied slowly and remain nearly constant after being applied to the body such as the loads on most buildings or the load applied to a bar in the usual type of testing machine.

Repeated loads are forces that are applied a very large number of times causing a stress in the material that is continually changing, usually through some definite range. Such are the loads applied to the connecting rod of an engine is running, the wheel loads on a railroad rail as a train passes over the rail and similar ones.

Impact loads are forces that are applied to the resisting body in a relatively short period of time. An impact load, in general, is applied by a moving body when it comes in contact with the resisting body. The force exerted by the moving body and the period during which it acts in general cannot be determined. For this reason in some problems it is more satisfactory to calculate the stress and strain produced by an impact load from the energy delivered to the resisting body by the moving body.

Other Classifications of Loads. Loads may be classified as distributed loads and concentrated loads. A distributed load may be uniformly distributed or non-uniformly distributed. A concentrated load is one whose area of contact with the resisting body is negligible in comparison with the area of the resisting body.

Задание № 2

II Write out from the text the sentences with verbs in the form of the Participle or the Gerund or the Subjunctive mood.

Задание № 3

III Translate the text.

Зимние шины не рекомендуется эксплуатировать при температуре выше +5 по Цельсию. Они мало того, что становятся мягче и буквально «плавятся», но кроме того еще и не выполняют в полной мере своих функций, устойчивость автомобиля на дороге при этом становится большим вопросом.

Задание № 4

IV Supply some, any, no, where required.

Задание № 5

V Choose the correct variant.

1. Before you..., don't forget to lock the door.

-are leaving; -will leave; -leave; -shall leave.

2. Please do not speak to anyone before the police....

-come; -are coming; -’ll come; came.

3. His parents will be very glad if she the university.

-enter; -’ll enter; -enters; -entered.

4. When you...my brother, you...him.

-'ll see; -won't recognize; -see won't recognize; -saw, recognize; -'ll see, don't recognize.

5. We won't discuss the matter until the headmaster....

-'ll arrive; -won’t arrive; -doesn’t arrive; -arrives.

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

• ЗАДАНИЕ №-1 3
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-2 5
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-3 7
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-4 8
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-5 9
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-6 10
• СПИСОК ИСПОЛЬЗОВАННЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ 11

Задание № 1

I. Translate the text.

Machine Elements.

Screw fastenings.

Machine parts are held together by parts:

a) working in tension,

b) working in shear,

c) creating friction, and

d) using both shear and friction forces.

Types of Fastenings-All fastenings can be divided into two classes- disconnectable fastenings and permanent joints. Disconnectable fastenings, in turn are effected by:

a) bolts and screws

b) wedges

c) dowel pins

d) keys

Permanent joints are obtained by means of:

a) press fits

b) shrink fits

c) rivets

d) welding, brazing, and soldering

e) casting.

Forms if Threads. Screw fastenings are used for holding two or more machine parts together or for adjusting one part with relation to another. In screw fastenings the threads are made in several forms but are always of triangular-type single thread. Screw threads are made right-hand and left-hand.

Задание № 2

II. Write out from the text the sentences with verbs in the form of the Participle or the Gerund or the Subjunctive mood.

Задание № 3

III. Translate the text.

Свеча зажигания — устройство для воспламенения топливно-воздушной смеси в самых разнообразных тепловых двигателях. Бывают искровые, дуговые, накал каталитические. В бензиновых двигателях внутреннего сгорания используются свечи.

Задание № 4

IV. Fill in the blanks with the preposition required.

Translate the sentences int...week-days we work. We rest...Sundays. I get up...the morning. We sleep...night promised to do this work...time. We have our vacation...January. We live...th century. We tell the...a clock or a watch. Our child is in the fresh air...morning ..father comes home...noon.

Задание № 5

V. Use the Present Simple or the Present Progressive:

1. Why you (walk) so fast today? You usually (walk) quite slowly.-1 (hurry). I am afr the train.

2. Cuckoos (not to build) nests. They (to use) the nests of other birds.

3. I always (to buy) lottery tickets, but I seldom (to win)

4. You cannot (to have) the book now because my brother (to read) it.

5. Some people (to do) everything with their left hand.

6. Who (to make) that terrible noise?-It is my son.

7. How you (to feel)?

Задание № 6

VI. Use an adjective or a proverb.

1. If you read this joke (proper) you will understand it.

2. It was a (gay) song and she sang it (gay).

3. She spoke very (good) and everybody wondered where she had learnt to speak so f.

4. She was (kind ) to him and he was (happy).

5. The children were running among the trees laughing (happy).

6. (Usual) I get up (early) but that Sunday I got up (late).

7. The work must be done (careful).

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

• ЗАДАНИЕ №-1 3
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-2 5
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-4 6
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-5 7
• ЗАДАНИЕ №-6 8
• СПИСОК ИСПОЛЬЗОВАННЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ 10

ЗАДАНИЕ № 1

I. Translate the text.

Basic elements of hydraulic systems.

The basic elements of hydraulic systems are:

1. The fluid.

2. The generator element (pump).

3. The transmission element (pipes and connections).

4. The control element (valve or restrictor).

5. The motor element (jack or continuous motor).

6. Tank and filter.

It can only function as a pump while the piston is moving into the cylinder and acts as a motor while the piston moves back. If non-return valves are added, the inlet valve is connected to a tank and the piston is given a to-and-fro motion, the device, becomes a source of continuous supply of liquid, except for interruptions during the suction stroke, which can be avoided by having two or more cylinders and pistons. Thus we obtain continuous pump.

ЗАДАНИЕ № 2

II. Write out from the text the sentences with verbs in the form of the Participle or the Gerund or the Subjunctive mood.

ЗАДАНИЕ № 4

IV. Fill in the prepositions.

It was two o'clock when John went ... the dining-room to have dinner. Peter was already there. He sat ... a table with a book ... his hands. John took the menu ... the next table. When the waitress came, he ordered some soup and meat. "Can you bring me some white bread?" asked John. "Yes, of course, I can", answered the waitress, "I shall bring you some ... a minute". She came back ... a few minutes. "What will you have ... dessert?" she asked. John asked her to bring him some ice-cream. "I'm sorry", said the waitress. "It will only be ready ... half an hour". So they took some milk, paid ... their dinner, and went out ... the street. John then went ... the library, Peter went home.

ЗАДАНИЕ № 5

V. Put these sentences in the Future and in the Past

1. The tourists are shown many places of interest in our town.

2. The Moscow University is greatly admired by everybody.

3. New metro station is built in our town.

4. The poem is recited in our group.

5. We are told to wait outside.

ЗАДАНИЕ № 6

VI. Use the Past Indefinite or the Past Perfect.

1. They (to complete) all the preparation for the fancy-dress ball by 5 o'clock.

2. On leaving the hospital the man (to thank) the doctor who (to cure) him of his disease.

3. In the morning all the passengers (to feel) good after the night they (to spend) in the comfortable sleeper.

4. During my last visit to the picture gallery I (to find) that I no longer (to like) the pictures which (to impress) me when I first (to see) them. Evidently my taste (to change).

5. Last night he (complete) the experiment which he (to begin) some months before.

6. They (to be) friends for some ten years before I (to meet) them.

7. No sooner she (to open) the drawer than she (to find) the photo which she (to think) she (tolose) long before.

8. I (to refuse) to give a definite answer before I (to receive) a letter from him.

1 Ответьте на вопросы теста.

1. Предметом статистики является:

• а) количественная сторона необычных явлений в природе и обществе;
• б) международные экономические отношения;
• в) количественная сторона качественно определенных массовых социально-экономических явлений и процессов, отображаемая посредством статистических показателей.

2. По времени регистрации фактов статистическое наблюдение бывает:

• а) специально организованное;
• б) единовременное;
• в) выборочное;
• г) непосредственное.

3. Срок наблюдения – это:

• а) время, в течение которого происходит заполнение статистических формуляров;
• б) конкретный день года, час дня, по состоянию на который должна быть проведена регистрация признаков по каждой единице исследуемой совокупности.

4. Какая из перечисленных натуральных единиц является простой:

• а) тонно-километры;
• б) тонны добытого угля;
• в) киловатт-часы электроэнергии;
• г) человеко-дни.

5. Что характеризуют относительные величины динамики:

• а) как изменяется явление во времени;
• б) как часто встречается данное явление в пространстве;
• в) отношение одной части совокупности к другой ее части;
• г) отношение части совокупности к общему целому.

6. Что представляет собой средняя величина:

• а) количественная характеристика соотношения явлений в пространстве;
• б) обобщающая характеристика изменения явлений во времени;
• в) обобщающая характеристика однотипных явлений по какому-либо количественному признаку.

7. В интервальных рядах распределения с равными интервалами мода исчисляется по формуле:

8. Вариацией называется:

• а) колеблемость, многообразие, изменяемость величины признака у единиц совокупности;
• б) распределение результатов отдельных наблюдений по числовому значению в порядке возрастания и убывания;
• в) количественная характеристика соотношения явлений в пространстве.

9. Абсолютный прирост исчисляется как:

• а) отношение уровней ряда;
• б) разность уровней ряда;
• в) сумма уровней ряда.

10. По какой формуле определяется индивидуальный индекс цен:

Ответы на тестовое задание оформить в таблице:

Задание 2

Определить среднюю месячную заработную плату одного работника по заводу, используя следующие данные:

Таблица

Укажите вид средних величин, которые вы применили.

Задание 3

Имеются следующие данные по группам предприятий: Таблица

Определить средние структурные величины: моду и медиану.

Задание 4

Имеются следующие данные о продажах товара на одном из рынков: Таблица

Определить:

1) индивидуальные индексы цены, физического объема, товарооборота;

2) общие индексы цены, физического объема, товарооборота.

Задание 5

По данным обследования получены следующие данные о стаже работников коммерческих банков: Таблица

Определить:

1) средний стаж работников;

2) показатели вариации.